There are different types of proppants. Proppants selection effects the output.

The main contents of proppant selection includes the type, size and concentration. Proppant selection and the pressure of the rock strata, closely linked to environmental conditions and production requirements.

The nature and the specific geological and engineering conditions, fracture conductivity, combined with the specific geological conditions (such as closure pressure, rock hardness, temperature, and the purpose of layer properties) to meet the project selection criteria (fracturing fluid properties, pumping equipment), and can yield good results obtained support agent should be considered first when choosing proppants. Second, the economic benefits must also be considered, as proppants are varieties, quality and origin and other conditions vary, there are differences in the proppant costs, we must consider cost perfance, combined with the economics to analyze the preferred fracturing proppant.

1. Proppant selection - type

It is basically controlled by the closure pressure, when the closure pressure is low, the choice of quartz sand as a support agent; when the closure pressure higher, generally used in high-intensity strength ceramic or ceramic. Fracturing proppant selection is according to the requirements of fracturing conductivities and economy. Usually more than 3000m deep in our selection of ceramic, ceramic in deep fracturing chase.

2. Proppant selection - size

Formation permeability, fracture geometry size of the proppant selection has an impact, consider the following aspects:

1) The closure pressure in the closing pressure is not too high, large particles can provide a higher conductivity, and in the high closure pressure, a variety of sizes proppant conductivity is basically the same, even small particles of proppant conductivity provided more.

2) The proppant-filled fracture proppant in the fracture width to meet the needs of free migration.

3) Proppant transport requirements of the larger particle size, the more difficult to convey proppant. In many cases, proppant transport conditions (mainly the apparent viscosity of the fracturing fluid) to control the choice of proppant size. Batches according to the particle size is usually pumped into the first batch of small particle size, migration to the deep cracks, the last batch of the largest particle size, settlement cracks in the vicinity of the wellbore to increase penetration in key areas.